Engine



Feb. 19, 1929. v 1,703,044

r L. MATTSON ENGINE Filed May 11, 1926 2 Sheets$ heet 1 IN VEN TOR.

wwm m em ATTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 19, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT oF 1,703,044 FICE.

LEROY urrson, or 04mm, cum-01mm, assronon 'ro LUCE-MATTSON ENGINE Y 00., or am rnurcrsco, camonmn. A CORPORATION or CALIFORNIA.

\ Application filed May 11,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the two-cycle ty sie shown 1n my co-pending applications 80,915 and 83,798 filed January 13thf'a nd 26th respectively, 1926. Such an eng ne comprises one or more power cylinders'wlth their cooperating pistons and a charging cylinder for each power cylinder. The

surround the inner portion of the power cylinders and the function of the charging cylinders is to supply explosive gas under pressure to the power cylinders. The gas the burnt gases from the cylinder.

initially enters the charging cylinders,'where it is compressed and forced into the power cylinders, from which it is expelled after the explosion thereof.

My invention herein relates to various improvements in this engine, which render-the construction thereof more practicaland 1nterchangeable and the operation more eflicient.

One novel feature of the invention is to provide mechanism for supplying a charge of air. to the power cylinder just prior to theentr of the explosive charge thereinto, this pre iminary air charge acting; to ear e1 15 method of injecting a stratum of air between the burnt gases and the new gas charge very efliciently expels the burnt gases with a great saving of gas and also functions to keep the-cylinders clean.

Another novel feature of my invention resides in forming the cylinders and the cooperating parts of the cylinder block in independent units and of different metals particularly adapted to serve their respective functions, the several parts being so constructed as to be readily'assembled and each part being interchangeable for making repairs and .for other purposes hereinafter mentioned.

A further feature of the invention resides in so .arranging the gas supplying ports into the charging .cy der that a turbulent whirling action will be set up in the cylinder and thoroughly mix the gas therein and prevent condensation thereof.

It is the object of my inventionherein to provide an improved engine embodying the several novel features'above stated as well as other improvements. which will after appear.

In the accompanying drawings, I have herein-.

erial Nos. .th

are relatively large andshell 2 and engages ENGINE.

1929- Serial No. 108,213.

illustrated certain specific embodiments of. my invention, but it will be understood that e invention can be otherwise embodied and that the drawings are not to be construed 'as defining or limiting the scope of the inven-' tion, the claim appended to the specification being relied upon for that purpose.

'Referringfto the figures of the drawing: f Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through my improved engine taken on line Figure 2 is a cross sectional view thereof taken on line II-II of Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. -1 and showing a modification thereof.- In the drawings, 1 indicates the lower half of the crank case on which is mounted the outer shell 2 of a cylinder block having its lower portion 3 forming the upper half of the crank case. The charging cylinder of the engine is provided by a cylindrical member 4 fitting within the shell 2 and secured therein by bolts 5. The power cylinder is provided jbyv a cylindrical member 6 having, one endopen and the other end closed, except for a threaded hole for receiving a spark plug 7. .An outside flange 8 on the member 6 rests on the shell 21when the member is in place and is secured thereto by bolts 9. In such position, the open end of the cylinder 6 .extends into the cylinder 4. A second shell- 10 is removably carried on the first over and above the outer portion of the cylinder 6. The shell 10 may be secured to the. shell 2 by bolts similar to bolts 9. The chamber 11 within the shell 10 provides der 6. p It will therefore be seen that the cylinders 4 and 6 within which operate pistons 12 and 13 are constructed independently and are removably carried by the engine block. The advantages of such construction are numerous. One advantage resides in the fact that thisarrangemcnt permits the several parts to be made of different metal a water jacket about the cylinadapted to the particular parts. The wearing parts,as the cylinder members 4 and 6, may be made of strong wear-resisting mater1al, while the non-wearing parts may be light weight engine. The making of the cylinder engine, it will be understood that my engine can be made with a power cylinthe lower end of the piston er the charge I the cylinders der or as many power cylinders as desired. Each .power'piston 13 is connected with a crank 14 on the shaft 15 by a connecting rod 16. Each charging piston 12 is connected to a pair. of cranks on the shaft 15 by a pair of connecting rods 18, the crank 1% being substantially opposite the cranks 1 Gas is provided to the charging cylinders 4 by means of a manifold 19 formed integral with the shell 2 and extending entirely around the cylinder. A carbureter connection is provided at 20. The shell 2 is slotted circumferentiall .'at 21 and the cylinder is'slotted longitu inally at 22 to pro vide ports between the manifold and cylinder. Theslots 22 are formed in a direction between lines extending radially and tangentially of the'cylinder, whereby the gases passing therethrough to the cylinder set up a. turbulent whirling action in the cylinder. This action thoroughly mixes the gases in the cylinder and prevents condensation thereof. The making of the cylinder and shell separate pieces makes the forming Y of these slots an easy matter. As shown in the drawing, the slots 22 are sov located that they are covered by the piston 12, except when the piston is in its lowermost position. Thus, acharge of gas can enter the cylinder through these ports only at movement.

It is well known that in two-cycle engines there is considerable inefficiency and a waste of gas in the displacing of the burnt gases by the incoming explosive charge. It is one object of my invention 'to provide an improved construction wherein a' charge of air is brought into the power cylinder ahead of gas insuch a manner that the air acts to displace theburnt gases, thus making a great saving in gas and otherwise facilitating the operation of the engine.

A member 23 mounted on the shell 2 provides a passage 24 from the manifold 19 to the upper end of the cylinder 4. A valve.

25 in this passage is normally held closed by a spring 26. A passage chamber 27 is provided in the shell42 above the cylinder 4, this chamber being in communication with 4 and 6 through 29. An air passage '30 is provided to the chamber 27 and a valve 31 in this passage is normally held closed by a s ring 32. Another passage 33 is provided from the chamber 27 into the chamber 6, this passage opening into the cylinder above the ort 29.

normally closed valve 34 contro s the passports 28 and A 44. The cam 42 operates a ing of air through the passage 33. An ex haust port 35 from diametrically opposite the ports 29 and 33 and slightly below the port 331 It .is essential that the valves 25 and 31 should open simultaneously and'I provide the following connection to assure Qthis action. A lever arm 36 pivoted at 37 has ,a yoke connection with the stem of the valve 25 at 38. A rod 39 connects the outer end of this lever with a lever 40 pivoted at 41. The other. end of lever 40 has a yoke connection the cylinder 6 is located. 2

to the stem of valve 31. It will therefore be seen that when one of these valves opens the other must necessarily open.

Briefly, the operation of my engine as above described, is as follows. Considering that the charging piston 12 is just beginning its downward stroke and that the power piston 13 is beginning its upward stroke, the piston 13 compresses .the charge in its cylinder 6 preparatory to the explosion thereof. The downward movement of thepiston 12 creates a vacuum in the cylinder 4, which vacuum opens the valves 22? and 31. A charge of air is "drawn into the chamber 27 throughjthe passage 30 and a charge of gas is drawn into the cylinder 4 through the passage. 24, When the piston 12 reaches a position uncovering the ports 22, a full charge of gas rushes in through such ports, t "e angular area of the ports causing this gas to set up a turbulent whirling action thoroughly mixin the charge and preventing condensation t ereof.

Upon upward movement of the piston 12, k

the gas charge in-the cylinder 4 and the air charge in the chamber 27 are compressed, thevalves 25 .and 31 closing automatically. The power stroke of the piston 13 occurs during this compressing action. Downward movement of the piston 13 first uncovers the ort 33 and air from the chamber 27 rushes into the cylinder 6 and displaces the burnt gases through the exhaust port 35,this exhaust port being uncovered directl after the port 33. The port 29 is therea ter uncovered and a charge of as forced into the cylinder 6. It stratum of air has been forced into the cylinder 6 ahead of the gas in a mannerdisplacing the burnt gases therein, thereby causing a great saving of gas and also operating to aid in thoroughly burnt gases.

It may bedesirable to openthe valves 25 and 31 mechanically rather than to depend upon vacuum as in shown an arrangement for function, the parts of to like parts in Fig. 1, same reference characters primed. A pair of cams 42 and 43 are carried on a cam shaft lever 45 pivoted at 46. A rod 47 connects this lever with a performing this Fig. 3 corresponding being indicated by the cleaning the cylinder of Fig. 1. In Fig. 3 I have lever 48. Levers 45 and 48 operateto open the valves 25- and 31 whenever the cam 42 functions. The cam-43 operates a lever 49 pivoted at 46 and a rod 50 connects this lever with a lever 51 pivoted at 52 and having an arm 53 engaging the stem of valve 34'. The cam 43 therefore opens the valve 34' through these connections, the cams of course being arranged in the proper timed relation.

Having thus described my invention, what I. claim is: An internalcombustion engine comprising the combination of a charging cylinder, a piston operating therein, a manifold extending about the cylinder and having a plurality of ports opening into the cylinder therearound, the ports normall being closed by the piston which uncovers the same in its innermost'position and the ports bein in clined in a direction between the radia? and 20 a tangential whereby gases passing therethrough cause a turbulent whirling action in the cylinder, a smaller power cylinder cooperating with the charging cylinder, a piston'operating in the power cylinder, means 25 providing a charging port from the chargin cylinder to the power cylinder, and mean? independent of the charging cylinder for admitting air to the cylinder prior to the admission of a charge of; gas through'the 30 char ing ort. g p LEROY MATTSON. 

